ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND@#Bone defect difficult to manage clinically and it is a big challenge to repair it. Secondary metabolites source from herb has shown potential for the treatment of bone defect. @*METHODS@#Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from mice and incubated with urolithin A (UA) (10, 25, and 50 lg/mL). 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed to estimate apoptosis and mineralisation was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase assay and alizarin red S staining. A middle femoral defect was induced in mice and bone tissue was prepared for endochondral ossification by treating with UA. The effect of UA was estimated by determining markers of osteoblast proliferation in serum and micro-computed tomography to analyse bone defects. @*RESULTS@#UA enhanced mineralisation of MSCs and osteogenic gene markers in MSCs in vitro. Also, the bone defect score and bone mineral density were improved by UA. Moreover, UA ameliorated the altered Wnt3a protein and histopathological changes in bone defect mice. @*CONCLUSION@#Presented report conclude that UA enhances osteoblast proliferation in bone-defect mice by activating the Wnt pathway.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the trauma center model in general hospitals for patients with severe trauma.Methods:The data of 1,248 patients with severe trauma (ISS≥16) were retrospectively analyzed who had been admitted to the trauma centers in 6 Chinese general hospitals from January 2019 through June 2020. They were 987 males and 261 females with an age of 50.4 years ± 15.4 years. Their injuries were caused by a traffic accident in 622 cases, falling from a height in 357 cases, a knife in 62 cases, and others (like a heavy object and fall) in 207 cases. Upon admission, their injury severity scores (ISS) were 24.9±8.5 and their Glasgow coma scores (GCS) 12.6±3.6. They were all treated in a scientific and standard manner by a multidisciplinary team at the trauma center of their specific general hospital. Recorded were deaths within 30 days after admission, 30-day mortality and causes of death.Results:All the patients were treated effectively. 101 deaths occurred within 30 days after admission, yielding a 30-day mortality of 8.1%. The main causes of death were severe craniocerebral injury in 56 cases, hemorrhagic shock in 26 cases, multi-organ failure in 11 cases and others in 8 cases.Conclusions:Establishment of trauma centers in China can make up for the disadvantage of over-division of clinical specialties in large general hospitals which has led to insufficient care for patients with severe trauma and multiple injuries. The trauma centers in general hospitals may be a feasible model to be popularized in treatment of patients with severe trauma and multiple injuries.